![]() Version: 9.4.27.v20200227 |
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The demo-base directory described earlier is an example of the jetty.base mechanism.
A Jetty base directory allows the configuration and web applications of a server instance to be stored separately from the Jetty distribution, so that upgrades can be done with minimal disruption.
Jetty’s default configuration is based on two properties:
Important
Your Jetty Home directory should be treated as a standard of truth and remain unmodified or changed. Changes or additions to your configuration should take place in the Jetty Base directory.
The jetty.home and jetty.base properties may be explicitly set on the command line, or they can be inferred from the environment if used with commands like:
> cd $JETTY_BASE > java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar
The following commands create a new base directory, enables both the HTTP connector and the web application deployer modules, and copies a demo webapp to be deployed:
> JETTY_BASE=/tmp/mybase
> mkdir $JETTY_BASE
> cd $JETTY_BASE
> java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar
WARNING: Nothing to start, exiting ...
Usage: java -jar start.jar [options] [properties] [configs]
java -jar start.jar --help # for more information
> java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar --create-startd
INFO : Base directory was modified
> java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar --add-to-start=http,deploy
INFO: server initialised (transitively) in ${jetty.base}/start.d/server.ini
INFO: http initialised in ${jetty.base}/start.d/http.ini
INFO: security initialised (transitively) in ${jetty.base}/start.d/security.ini
INFO: servlet initialised (transitively) in ${jetty.base}/start.d/servlet.ini
INFO: webapp initialised (transitively) in ${jetty.base}/start.d/webapp.ini
INFO: deploy initialised in ${jetty.base}/start.d/deploy.ini
MKDIR: ${jetty.base}/webapps
INFO: Base directory was modified
> cp $JETTY_HOME/demo-base/webapps/async-rest.war webapps/ROOT.war
> java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar
2015-06-04 11:10:16.286:INFO::main: Logging initialized @274ms
2015-06-04 11:10:16.440:INFO:oejs.Server:main: jetty-9.3.0.v20150601
2015-06-04 11:10:16.460:INFO:oejdp.ScanningAppProvider:main: Deployment monitor [file:///tmp/mybase/webapps/] at interval 1
2015-06-04 11:10:16.581:WARN::main: async-rest webapp is deployed. DO NOT USE IN PRODUCTION!
2015-06-04 11:10:16.589:INFO:oejw.StandardDescriptorProcessor:main: NO JSP Support for /, did not find org.eclipse.jetty.jsp.JettyJspServlet
2015-06-04 11:10:16.628:INFO:oejsh.ContextHandler:main: Started o.e.j.w.WebAppContext@1a407d53{/,[file:///tmp/jetty-0.0.0.0-8080-ROOT.war-_-any-4510228025526425427.dir/webapp/, jar:file:///tmp/jetty-0.0.0.0-8080-ROOT.war-_-any-4510228025526425427.dir/webapp/WEB-INF/lib/example-async-rest-jar-9.4.27.v20200227.jar!/META-INF/resources],AVAILABLE}{/ROOT.war}
2015-06-04 11:10:16.645:INFO:oejs.ServerConnector:main: Started ServerConnector@3abbfa04{HTTP/1.1,[http/1.1]}{0.0.0.0:8080}
2015-06-04 11:10:16.646:INFO:oejs.Server:main: Started @634msYou can configure Jetty to run on a different port by setting the jetty.http.port property on the command line:
> cd $JETTY_BASE > java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar jetty.http.port=8081 ...
When the server starts, it will now run on port 8081.
It is important to note that setting properties on the command line will only take affect for that instance of the server.
To change the configuration so that the server will always start on the desired port, you will need to edit the start.d/http.ini
Note
The configuration by properties works via the following chain:
- The
start.d/http.inifile is part of the effective command line and contains the--module=httpargument which activates the http module.- The
modules/http.modfile defines the http module which specifies theetc/jetty-http.xmlconfiguration file and the template ini properties it uses.- The
jetty.http.portproperty is used by the Property XML element inetc/jetty.http.xmlto inject theServerConnectorinstance with the port.For more information see the Quickstart Configuration Guide and Configuring Connectors.
Building on the example above, we can activate additional modules to add support HTTPS and HTTP2 for the server. To add HTTPS and HTTP2 connectors to a Jetty configuration, the modules can be activated by the following command:
> java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar --add-to-start=https,http2
ALERT: There are enabled module(s) with licenses.
The following 1 module(s):
+ contains software not provided by the Eclipse Foundation!
+ contains software not covered by the Eclipse Public License!
+ has not been audited for compliance with its license
Module: alpn-impl/alpn-8
+ ALPN is a hosted at github under the GPL v2 with ClassPath Exception.
+ ALPN replaces/modifies OpenJDK classes in the sun.security.ssl package.
+ http://github.com/jetty-project/jetty-alpn
+ http://openjdk.java.net/legal/gplv2+ce.html
Proceed (y/N)? y
INFO : alpn-impl/alpn-1.8.0_92 dynamic dependency of alpn-impl/alpn-8
INFO : alpn transitively enabled, ini template available with --add-to-start=alpn
INFO : alpn-impl/alpn-8 dynamic dependency of alpn
INFO : http2 initialized in ${jetty.base}/start.d/http2.ini
INFO : https initialized in ${jetty.base}/start.d/https.ini
INFO : ssl transitively enabled, ini template available with --add-to-start=ssl
MKDIR : ${jetty.base}/lib/alpn
DOWNLD: https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/mortbay/jetty/alpn/alpn-boot/8.1.8.v20160420/alpn-boot-8.1.8.v20160420.jar to ${jetty.base}/lib/alpn/alpn-boot-8.1.8.v20160420.jar
MKDIR : ${jetty.base}/etc
COPY : ${jetty.home}/modules/ssl/keystore to ${jetty.base}/etc/keystore
INFO : Base directory was modified
> java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar
[...]
2017-05-22 12:48:23.271:INFO:oejs.AbstractConnector:main: Started ServerConnector@134d0064{SSL,[ssl, alpn, h2, http/1.1]}{0.0.0.0:8443}
[...]The --add-to-start command sets up the effective command line in the ini files to run an ssl connection that supports the HTTPS and HTTP2 protocols as follows:
ssl module that configures an SSL connector (eg port, keystore etc.) by adding etc/jetty-ssl.xml and etc/jetty-ssl-context.xml to the effective command line.alpn module that configures protocol negotiation on the SSL connector by adding etc/jetty-alpn.xml to the effective command line.start.d/https.ini that configures the HTTPS protocol on the SSL connector by adding etc/jetty-https.xml to the effective command line.start.d/http2.ini that configures the HTTP/2 protocol on the SSL connector by adding etc/jetty-http2.xml to the effective command line.etc/keystore file and if not present, downloads a demonstration keystore file.You can configure the SSL connector to run on a different port by setting the jetty.ssl.port property on the command line:
> cd $JETTY_BASE > java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar jetty.ssl.port=8444
Alternatively, property values can be added to the effective command line built from the start.ini file or start.d/*.ini files, depending on your set up.
Please see the section on Start.ini vs. Start.d for more information.
The job of the start.jar is to interpret the command line, start.ini and start.d directory (and associated .ini files) to build a Java classpath and list of properties and configuration files to pass to the main class of the Jetty XML configuration mechanism.
The start.jar mechanism has many options which are documented in the Chapter 9, Starting Jetty administration section and you can see them in summary by using the command:
> java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar --help